Decoupling, in a business context, refers to the process of reducing or eliminating economic interdependence between a company — or an economy — and China across supply chains, technology platforms, capital markets, and data infrastructure. The term describes a spectrum of actions rather than a single policy: a manufacturer shifting production from Chinese factories to Vietnam or Mexico is decoupling; so is a semiconductor firm cutting off Chinese customers under export controls, or a Western government barring Chinese software from critical infrastructure.