The ministry’s director for vulnerable group health services, Imran Pambudi, said Monday that the degenerative disease, first identified by Dr. James Parkinson in 1817, remains a major global health challenge, affecting more than 10 million people worldwide.
“In Indonesia, the number of patients is estimated at more than 1.1 million in 2026, with around 80,000 new cases each year,” Pambudi said.
He noted the figures reflect an aging population and a rising burden of degenerative diseases.
Public figures such as Muhammad Ali, Michael J. Fox, and Neil Diamond highlight that Parkinson’s can affect anyone regardless of status.
Symptoms include tremors, slowed movement, muscle stiffness, and impaired balance, he said.
The disease can also trigger depression, cognitive decline, and complications such as pneumonia that may worsen patients’ conditions.
Although the exact cause remains unclear, risk factors include genetics, environmental exposure, and head trauma. Preventive measures include regular exercise, antioxidant-rich diets, adequate rest, and stress management.
“Sunlight exposure to maintain vitamin D levels may also support brain health,” he added.
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Current treatments focus on symptom management. Levodopa remains the primary therapy to increase dopamine levels, while rehabilitation helps patients maintain mobility and communication skills.
Deep brain stimulation is used to address motor symptoms, while complementary therapies such as yoga and meditation are increasingly adopted under medical supervision to improve quality of life.
“Family support is crucial and irreplaceable,” Pambudi said, noting families play a key role in providing emotional care and ensuring adherence to treatment.
The government has issued guidelines on Parkinson’s management and is working to expand access to care. Community groups such as Bali Parkinson Warriors (BAPARWA) also help raise awareness and support patients.
Despite progress, he said, more funding and investment in research are needed.
The commemoration serves as a reminder to strengthen the health system, improve access through national insurance, and raise public awareness of the disease.
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Reporter: Mecca Yumna Ning Prisie
Editor: Rahmad Nasution
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